MUN- MILITARISATION OF OUTER SPACE RESOLUTION

Possible resolutions

Pre ambulatory clauses

                         I.         Noting that space race started after sputnik – 1-the first satellite in space

                        II.         Remembering with satisfaction that Apollo 11 landed on moon on 24 July 1969-the manned mission to moon.

                       III.         Recognizing that prevention of an outer space arms race

                     IV.         Recognizing the dangerous capabilities of outer space weapons

                      V.         Realizing the need to remove such dangerous weapons  .

                     VI.         Assessing the need to create a new treaty governing all outer space activities.

Operative clauses

1>   Recommends the usage of outer space for  useful  purposes like weather observation, climate change ,sustainable development

Recommends a treaty which states as follows

CTGOSA (Comprehensive Treaty Governing Outer Space Activities)

Article I

·       “Militarization of space “means any device placed in any celestial body, orbits or outer space for military purposes to gain strategic advantages over other country’s outer space bodies.

·       “Weaponization of space” refers to the process of sending bodies to the outer space  intending to cause deliberate damage to other space bodies.

Article II

For the purpose of this Treaty:

(a) The term "outer space object" means any device placed in outer space

And designed for operating therein.

(b) The term "weapon in outer space" means any outer space object or its

Component produced or converted to eliminate, damage or disrupt normal

Functioning of objects in

-Outer space from outer space or from earth.

-Earth's surface from space through placement of weapons in outer space or

Through orbital bombardment.

-Earth’s surface from earth through space.

As well as to eliminate population, components of biosphere important to

Human existence, or to inflict damage to them by using any principles of

physics.

(c) A device is considered as "placed in outer space" when it orbits the Earth at

least once, or follows a section of such an orbit before leaving this orbit, or iss

placed at any location in outer space or on any celestial bodies other than the

Earth.

(d) the terms "use of force" or "threat of force" mean, respectively, any

intended action to inflict damage to outer space object under the

jurisdiction and/or control of other States, or clearly expressed in written,

oral or any other form intention of such action. Actions subject to special

agreements with those States providing for actions, upon request, to

discontinue uncontrolled flight of outer space objects under the jurisdiction

and/or control of the requesting States shall not be regarded as use of force

or threat of force.

Article III

States Parties to tStates Parties to this Treaty shall:

- not place any weapons in outer space;

- not resort to the threat or use of force against outer space objects of States

Parties;

- will be

- assisting or inciting other States, groups of States, international, part of outer space programmes for exploration of  space for welfare of mankind.

- assisting each other economically and politically to help a country out in case any mishap occurs.

- inspected by special UNCUPOUS team.

- shall not indulge in placing of directing energy weapons or reconnaissance satellite.

-shall be given complete sovereignty and no part of their missions to space for peaceful purposes shall be disrupted.

Article IV

Nothing in this Treaty can be interpreted as preventing the States Parties from

exploring and using outer space for peaceful purposes in accordance with

International law, including the Charter of the United Nations and the Outer Space

Treaty of 1967.

Article V

This Treaty shall by no means affect the States Parties' inherent right to individual

or collective self-defense, as recognized by Article 51 of the UN Charter.

-This also clarifies that the party states can send nano satellites to space but only after thorough inspection and guarantee that it is meant for no harm to other space bodies.

Article VI

This Treaty shall be of unlimited duration.

Each State Party shall in exercising its national sovereignty have the right to

withdraw from this Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events, related to the

subject matter of this Treaty, have jeopardized its supreme interests. It shall notifY

the Secretary-General of the United Nations in the written form of the decision

taken sixhis Treaty

Article VII

Private organizations

-        This treaty does not permit Weaponization of outer space by the private organizations.

-        This shall also have to be noted that the government of states shall also refrain from militarizing space.

-        However this mustn’t be concluded that private organizations shall have to refrain from space explorations. Private organizations must be encouraged to explore outer space but their activities will have to be in constant monitoring and inspection.

Article VIII

        -The entire space programme of each nation shall be under constant watch.

          -The parties shall have to register each of their projects with the special committee

-  Each parties shall be given equal importance of and will be protected from any force stopping it.

- Also to note that this treaty bans the usage of satellites for reconnaissance.

Article IX

Mutual cooperation.

-The space agencies of respective parties shall work in collaboration of a single space agency governed by a UNCOPUOS committee consisting of a member from each state party.

-This committee shall only work for development of outer space for peaceful purposes and monitoring of outer space activities.

- this doesn’t ban parties from having their own space programmes and agencies.

Article X

ICBM

-The usage of ICBMs are strictly prohibited. Also states that the states developing ICBMs will have to face strict sanctions.

        - the ICBMs are to be if developed submitted with the council, to use in inevitable circumstances.

        -  to be noted that ASAAT-x are also prohibited.

Article XI

Weapons of mass destruction

-this treaty clarifies that the usage or storage of nuclear, biological, chemical or conventional weapons in space or any celestial bodies.

- to also be clarified that nuclear weapons mustn’t be used to clear space debris

Article XII

SPATIAL MANOUVERABLE DEVICES

-state parties shall have to refrain from using spatial maneuverable devices. Also considering that SMDs can cause damage to other satellites coverage etc

- also an important clarification to be made THIS TREATY’S STATE PARTIES SHALL NOT CAUSE INTENTIONAL HARM OF OTHER STATES’ BODIES WHETHER THEY BELONG TO THE TREATY OR NOT.

-however this mustn’t be taken as  that the treaty favors states not part of it.

Article XIII

-ARM RACE IN OUTER SPACE

-the state parties in this treaty are prohibited to arms race in the space.

-the treaty doesn’t favor the rage for exploration.

-the state parties are not to indulge in any competence of any sort with other states. the treaty shan’t afford to be quiet to this and sanctions shall be imposed on the countries doing so.

Article XIV

Peaceful exploration of outer space

-the treaty is open all times to peaceful operations on space.

-the treaty does also urge the development of space exploration and find solutions for current crisis like sustainable development.

- also stating that the treaty also encourages collaboration as stated above in exploring space.

 

TO ALSO CLARIFY ONE MORE MAJOR DOUBT THAT THE TREATY IS AGAINST MILITAIZATION OF SPACE AND CONSIDERS SUCH SORT AS A LAST RESORT.IT IS ALSO NOTED THAT ONLY PARTIAL MILITARIZATION SHALL BE ENCOURAGED EVEN IF THE CIRCUMSTANCES ARISE.